diff --git a/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/engine/spi/SessionFactoryDelegatingImpl.java b/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/engine/spi/SessionFactoryDelegatingImpl.java
index 1ce6152abe87..126b44605a98 100644
--- a/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/engine/spi/SessionFactoryDelegatingImpl.java
+++ b/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/engine/spi/SessionFactoryDelegatingImpl.java
@@ -198,6 +198,11 @@ public Collection<FilterDefinition> getAutoEnabledFilters() {
 		return delegate.getAutoEnabledFilters();
 	}
 
+	@Override
+	public boolean hasLoadByKeyFilter() {
+		return delegate.hasLoadByKeyFilter();
+	}
+
 	@Override
 	public boolean containsFetchProfileDefinition(String name) {
 		return delegate.containsFetchProfileDefinition( name );
diff --git a/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/engine/spi/SessionFactoryImplementor.java b/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/engine/spi/SessionFactoryImplementor.java
index 88b3eae4d299..4d7c1591a65c 100644
--- a/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/engine/spi/SessionFactoryImplementor.java
+++ b/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/engine/spi/SessionFactoryImplementor.java
@@ -286,6 +286,9 @@ default JpaMetamodel getJpaMetamodel() {
 	 */
 	Collection<FilterDefinition> getAutoEnabledFilters();
 
+	@Incubating
+	boolean hasLoadByKeyFilter();
+
 	/**
 	 * Obtain the {@link JdbcServices} service.
 	 */
diff --git a/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/internal/SessionFactoryImpl.java b/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/internal/SessionFactoryImpl.java
index 6dc2d168d8cc..f51983771b1d 100644
--- a/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/internal/SessionFactoryImpl.java
+++ b/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/internal/SessionFactoryImpl.java
@@ -182,6 +182,7 @@ public class SessionFactoryImpl implements SessionFactoryImplementor {
 
 	private final transient Map<String, FilterDefinition> filters;
 	private final transient Collection<FilterDefinition> autoEnabledFilters = new ArrayList<>();
+	private transient boolean hasLoadByKeyFilter = false;
 	private final transient JavaType<Object> tenantIdentifierJavaType;
 
 	private final transient EventListenerGroups eventListenerGroups;
@@ -246,6 +247,9 @@ public SessionFactoryImpl(
 			if ( filter.isAutoEnabled() ) {
 				autoEnabledFilters.add( filter );
 			}
+			if ( filter.isAppliedToLoadByKey() ) {
+				hasLoadByKeyFilter = true;
+			}
 		}
 
 		entityNameResolver = new CoordinatingEntityNameResolver( this, getInterceptor() );
@@ -962,6 +966,10 @@ public Collection<FilterDefinition> getAutoEnabledFilters() {
 		return autoEnabledFilters;
 	}
 
+	public boolean hasLoadByKeyFilter() {
+		return hasLoadByKeyFilter;
+	}
+
 	@Override
 	public Set<String> getDefinedFilterNames() {
 		return unmodifiableSet( filters.keySet() );
diff --git a/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/metamodel/mapping/ManagedMappingType.java b/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/metamodel/mapping/ManagedMappingType.java
index a2ff2c67a662..d04d2cf89c5a 100644
--- a/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/metamodel/mapping/ManagedMappingType.java
+++ b/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/metamodel/mapping/ManagedMappingType.java
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 import org.hibernate.internal.util.IndexedConsumer;
 import org.hibernate.metamodel.mapping.internal.ToOneAttributeMapping;
 import org.hibernate.persister.collection.CollectionPersister;
+import org.hibernate.persister.entity.SingleTableEntityPersister;
 import org.hibernate.sql.results.graph.FetchOptions;
 import org.hibernate.sql.results.graph.FetchableContainer;
 import org.hibernate.type.descriptor.java.JavaType;
@@ -145,6 +146,9 @@ else if ( attributeMapping instanceof ToOneAttributeMapping toOneAttributeMappin
 				}
 			}
 		}
+		if ( onlyApplyForLoadByKey && this instanceof SingleTableEntityPersister persister ) {
+			return persister.getFactory().hasLoadByKeyFilter();
+		}
 		return false;
 	}
 }
diff --git a/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/persister/entity/AbstractEntityPersister.java b/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/persister/entity/AbstractEntityPersister.java
index 396f98b972a2..0d7ca2a6ba5d 100644
--- a/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/persister/entity/AbstractEntityPersister.java
+++ b/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/persister/entity/AbstractEntityPersister.java
@@ -3678,10 +3678,9 @@ public boolean isAffectedByEnabledFilters(
 		if ( filterHelper != null && loadQueryInfluencers.hasEnabledFilters() ) {
 			return filterHelper.isAffectedBy( loadQueryInfluencers.getEnabledFilters(), onlyApplyForLoadByKeyFilters )
 				|| isAffectedByEnabledFilters( new HashSet<>(), loadQueryInfluencers, onlyApplyForLoadByKeyFilters );
-
 		}
 		else {
-			return false;
+			return isAffectedByEnabledFilters( new HashSet<>(), loadQueryInfluencers, onlyApplyForLoadByKeyFilters );
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/hibernate-core/src/test/java/org/hibernate/orm/test/where/annotations/ManyToOneFilterTest.java b/hibernate-core/src/test/java/org/hibernate/orm/test/where/annotations/ManyToOneFilterTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d8864f5e36cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hibernate-core/src/test/java/org/hibernate/orm/test/where/annotations/ManyToOneFilterTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ * Copyright Red Hat Inc. and Hibernate Authors
+ */
+package org.hibernate.orm.test.where.annotations;
+
+import jakarta.persistence.Entity;
+import jakarta.persistence.Id;
+import jakarta.persistence.JoinColumn;
+import jakarta.persistence.ManyToOne;
+import jakarta.persistence.Table;
+import org.hibernate.EntityFilterException;
+import org.hibernate.annotations.Filter;
+import org.hibernate.annotations.FilterDef;
+import org.hibernate.testing.orm.junit.DomainModel;
+import org.hibernate.testing.orm.junit.SessionFactory;
+import org.hibernate.testing.orm.junit.SessionFactoryScope;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.fail;
+
+@SessionFactory
+@DomainModel(annotatedClasses =
+		{ManyToOneFilterTest.X.class,
+				ManyToOneFilterTest.Y.class})
+class ManyToOneFilterTest {
+	@Test void test(SessionFactoryScope scope) {
+		scope.inTransaction(session -> {
+			Y y = new Y();
+			X x = new X();
+			x.id = -1;
+			y.x = x;
+			session.persist(x);
+			session.persist(y);
+		});
+		scope.inTransaction(session -> {
+			Y y = session.find(Y.class, 0L);
+			assertNotNull(y.x);
+		});
+		try {
+			scope.inTransaction( session -> {
+				session.enableFilter( "filter" ).validate();
+				var graph = session.createEntityGraph(Y.class);
+				Y y = session.find( graph, 0L );
+			} );
+			fail();
+		}
+		catch (EntityFilterException efe) {
+			//required
+		}
+		try {
+			scope.inTransaction(session -> {
+				session.enableFilter( "filter" ).validate();
+				Y y = session.find(Y.class, 0L);
+			});
+			fail();
+		}
+		catch (EntityFilterException efe) {
+			//required
+		}
+	}
+
+	@Entity
+	@Table(name = "XX")
+	@FilterDef(name = "filter", applyToLoadByKey = true)
+	@Filter(name = "filter", condition = "id>0")
+	static class X {
+		@Id
+		long id;
+	}
+	@Entity
+	@Table(name = "YY")
+	static class Y {
+		@Id
+		long id;
+		String name;
+		@ManyToOne
+		@JoinColumn(name = "xx")
+		X x;
+	}
+}